A story that must be told in a way that isn’t actually telling at all; that is the Zong massacre. September 6th of 1781 Captain Luke Collingwood set sail from the coast of Africa in his ship, The Zong, with 470 slaves as cargo. In four months time, Captain Luke Collingwood arrived at destination with only 320 slaves aboard. So what happen to the 150 souls that were unfortunate enough to vanish over the course of the voyage? That is a tale M. NourbeSe Philip tells without telling.
When a six to nine month voyage turns into a four month disaster, Zong’s cargo started to wilt and die. With the understanding–or rather lack of understanding–of his insurance policy, Collingwood set out to terminate his cargo rather than let them die a natural death. One hundred and fifty slaves were thrown overboard to fall victim of the weights of the sea,
the some of negroes
over
board
the rest in lives
drowned (6)
Zong! #3 alludes to the throwing of slaves overboard. Slaves were referred to as “negroes” back in the era of slavery. They were thrown overboard The Zong and left to drown. In Zong! #5 readers discover a contributing factor as to why slaves were discarded,
did not exist
sustenance
water &
want
dead
the more of
of negroes (14-12)
With a lack of resources that allow for the survival of Collingwood’s cargo, many were thrown overboard. “Sustenance”–defined as the nourishment a body needs to hold the strength to live–“did not exist.” With the dwindling recourses, more and more slaves were disposed of.
With just the first eleven Zong!, and a bit of background context found in the back of the book, readers begin to develop an understanding as to what happened during the Zong massacre. With just to poems readers are allotted the knowledge of one contributing factor to the wasting of the 150 slaves: lack of supplies. however, upon reading page 189 readers find out that the lack of food and water wasn’t the sole reason for the murders, “Captain Luke Collingwood is of the belief that if the African Slaves on board die a natural death, the owner of the ship will have to bear the cost, but if they were ‘thrown alive into the sea, it would be the loss of the underwriters.’ In other words, the massacre of the African slaves would prove to be more financially advantageous to the owner of the ship and its cargo…” (189). Collingwood believed that if he allowed the slaves to die of natural causes such as thirst and starvation, he wouldn’t get compensated by his insurance company. Collingwood believed that if the slaves died purposely–if he threw them overboard to drown–the insurance company would then see fit to reimburse him.
As previously stated, Zong! is a telling of the Zong massacre without actually telling. M. NourbeSe Philip writes,”‘A novel requires too much telling,’ I write, ‘and this story must be told by not telling–there is a mystery here–the mystery of evil'” (190). With no first hand account of any slave who witnessed the Zong Massacre, there is an unknowing that revolves around it. The only account of what happened is the Gregson v. Gilbert case, also known as the Zong case. With only the legal actions to obtain the insurance monies as proof of the massacre, the true horrors in which were Zong may never truly be uncovered. M. NourbeSe Philip tells the massacre without actually telling as it isn’t her story to tell. Justice for those 150 souls that were lost in 1781 needs to be demanded. But how can justice be demanded when the only viable proof is a legal case that dehumanizes the slaves in order to collect insurance money?
Questions to think about:
If your opinion differs from my post, why do you think M. NourbeSe Philip wants to tell the story of the Zong Massacre without actually telling it?
Do you agree with M. NourbeSe Philip when she says “‘A novel requires too much telling,’ I write, ‘and this story must be told by not telling” (190)? Explain your answer.